Apparatus for continuously distilling benzin and the like.



No. 810,637. PATENTED JAN. 23, 1906.

A. H. L. GERHARDT. APPARATUS FOR GONTINUOUSLY DIST ILLING BENZIN AND THE APPLICATION FILED SBPT.15, 1903.

LIKE.

r. a. mtmg v e s s a l or sewn-a161- UNITED STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

AUGUST HEINRICH LUDWIG GERHARDT, OF BETTENHAUSEN, NEAR e CASSEL, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUSLY. DISTILLING BENZIN AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 15, 1903. Serial No. 173,284.

Patented Jan. 23, 1906.

To'aZZ whom it mayconcern:

Be it. known that I, Aueusr HEINRICH LUDWIG GERHARDT, a citizen of the Empire of Germany, residing at Bettenhausen, near Cassel, in the Empire of Germany, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Continuously -Distilling Benzin and the Like, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an apparatus for distilling benzin and the like in which a heater is inserted between the still and the source of liquid; and the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of component parts and the details of construction to be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims. i i

In the accompanying drawing, which ill ustrates-my invention, is shown a vertical central section through the complete apparatus, the tubes and coils being shown mostly in elevation and partly in section.

The distilling apparatus shown is chiefly destined for the distillation of benzin, and

hereinafter the liquid to be distilled is assumed to be benzin. However, the same apparatus may also be used for distilling other li uidsfor example, also water in case the still is heated in a known manner with direct fire.

The distilling apparatus comprises a still a, a heater e, and a condenser 0. In employing the heater in the distilling apparatus accordand a check-valve ing to my invention all the known defects are avoided which are due to the development of vapor from raw or dirty benzin in the heater. The heater e contains a plurality of heatingtubes Z, secured with their ends in two tubeplates 6 e so that two chambers e and e are formed within the covers. The collectingchamber e? is connected with the coil n of the condenser 0 by means'of a tube m, and the distributing chamber e is connected with the top part of thestill a by a tube is. Moreover, the two chambers e and e are connectedwith each other 'b adraining-tubeo l1 and with the tube 'my a tube 12. The heater e is provided on the topwith a safetyvalve 8 ofan known construction. A short pipe connection depends from the bottom of the heater, in which is a three-way cock 9 u, having a seat 'u/rwA cleanmg-opening is located in the bottom of the heater, which cover ,5. A tube dleads from a suitable ben- "capes through a tube r.

is normally closed by a ducted from the steam-supply tube f by operating a valve f in a branch tube 6, which terminates in a perforated tube 8, the size and number of the perforations 7 of which circumstances. The top part of the heater e is connected with the still a; by means of a tube 0, which projects through the cover a. down to a certain oint above the level and is on the end provlded with a cock I a The plug of the latter is connected by an arm with a float b and is thereby controlled.

The still a is provided with a coil g, into which steam can be admitted from the su ly-tube f on opening a stop-valve f. T e ower end of the coil g is connected with a draining-tube h, through which the condensed steam is allowed to escape to some convenient lace. The steam may also be introduced irect into the still from the supply-tubef by opening a valve 91:, located in a tube w, reaching 'downto a certain point "8 above the bottom. This is done when the still is to be cleaned or in case heavy benzinvapor is to be developed. The still a is, moreover, provided on the bottom part with a discharging-tube i and a stop-cock z. The coil or of the condenser 0 is connected w1th aparting' or separating vessel (not shown) by means of a tube p. For cooling the coil 12, fresh water is admitted to the condenser 0 depend upon the size of the heater and the I through a tube g, while the warmed water es-' It is immaterial in what known manner this cooling-water 1s replaced or refrigerated.

The operation'o-f the distilling apparatus v as follows: Thebenzin sup lied from) the source through the tube (1 ifts the checkvalve a and enters, through the open three way cock 9, the intermediate part of the heater ei. -e., the space surrounding the tubes Z.where it is preliminarily heated in. .a manner to be hereinafter described. The

warm benzin flows through the tube 0 and the opened cock I) into the still. It w1ll be evident that the float b so regulates the admittance of the warm benzin as to render the level more or less constant. The benzin in the still a is heated by steam, either indirect by means of the coil 9 or direct, and is evaporated. The benzin-vapor escapes throu h the tube is, passes through the tubes Z of the heater, and gives ofl a great part of its heat to the benzin surrounding the tubes l, whereupon it goes through the tube m and the coil n, in which latter it is condensed. The condensed pure benzin is conducted through the tube 19 to the respective parting or separating vessel and thence to the storage vessel.

Should any part of the benzin-vapor already become condensed in the heater 6, it is collected in the chambers e and e and conducted-through the tubes 12 11 12 to the tube m and the coil n. In case any vapor should be develo ed from the raw benzin in the heater 2 it. wil 0 en the safety-valve s and escape through -t e tube i into the still a. In this manner every excess of pressure will be avoided With certainty. At the same time the pressure produced by the vapor develo ed om the raw benzin in the heater e will cibse the check-valve u if the same should be in an open position, so that the benzin-vapor will be prevented from entering the supply-tube d. In this manner the distilling apparatus is rendered entirely automatic and capable of working without any danger, while at the same time it retains the advantages of the heater.

The float-controlled supply-valve b affords the advantage that all sto valves or cocks to be adjusted by hand are ispensed with.

The check-valve u may be re laced by any other known stop device and a so placed un der the control of the safety-valve s by any of the well-knownmeans, so that the valve is closed the moment the safety-valve is opened. Where so preferred, instead of the check-valve u the plug of the three-way cock 9 may be placed un er the control of the safety-valve s.

In the heater of the described apparatus dirt can easily accumulate. To remove this dirt, the three-way cock 9 is so turned as to connect the intermediate space of the heater with the atmosphere, and then the stop-valve f is opened, so that steam from the. supplytube f will enter the heater in jets and drive out the dirt through the three-way cock 9. The heater 6 may be of any other known construction. For example, it may be constructed in a similar manner. as the well-known ribbed heating apparatus.

In general the distilling apparatus described so far may be varied in many respects without deviating from the spirit of my in- Vention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a still, of

sweat means for heating said still, a heater comprising two sections or compartments, a tube leading from a sup 1y to one of the compartments, a safety-Va ve on the heater, a tube connecting the outlet of said safety-valve with said still, means for introducing steam in jets into said heater for cleaning same, a blow-off cock on the bottom part of said heater, a supply-tube for conducting the preliminarily-heated liquid from said heater into steam-coil within said still, means for conducting steam to said steam-coil, a drainingtube outside said still and connected with said steam-coil, means for admitting steam direct to said still, an internal supply-tube within said still, a float-controlled supplyvalve on the free end of said internal supplytube, a heater, a check-valve attached to the bottom part of said heater, a tube connecting said check-valve with the source of liquid to be distilled,,a safety-valve on the top part of said heater and adapted for allowing any vaor developed from the preliminarily-heated iquid to escape, a tubefor conducting the vapor esca ing from said safety-valve to the top part 0 said still, means'for introducing steam in jets into said heater for cleaning same, a blow-off cock on the bottom part of said heater for discharging the dirt mingled with steam, an external supply-tube for conducting the preliminarily-heatedliquid from said heater into said internal supply-tube within said still, a tube connecting the top part of said still with the chamber of said heater adapted to receive the heated medium, a condenser, a tube connecting said chamber of said heater with said condenser, and means for leading off the condensed pure liquid from said condenser.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a still, of a steam-coil within said still, a steam-supply tube connected with the one end of said steamcoil, a stop-valve inserted in said steam-supply tube, a draining-tube outside said still and connected with the other end of said steam-coil, an internal steam-tube within said still and reaching down to a point above the bottom, a branch tube connecting said internal'steam-tube with said steam-supply tube, a stop-valveinserted in said branch tube, a discharging device on the bottom of saidstill, an internal liquid-supply tube within said still, a float-controlled supplyvalve on the free end of said internal liquidchambers and connecting-tubesfor the reception of the heated medium, and a separate space for the medium to be heated, a tubeleading from the sourceof supply to the lat ter space, a check-valve located i'n-such tube,

a safety-valve on-the top part of said heaterand adapted for allowing anyvapor developed from the preliminarily-heated liquid to esca e, a tube connecting the outlet of said sa ety-valve with the top part of said still, a perforatedsteam-injecting tube within the space of said heater surrounding its heatingtubes, a branch tube connecting said perforated steam-injecting tube withsaid steamsup 'lytube and provided with-a stop-valve, a b ow-ofi cock on the bottom part of'said heater, an external liquid-supply tube leading'from the heater to the .sai

; ,'20 in the still, atubeconnecting thetop part of internal tube said still with the heater, a condenser comprising a coil, a tube connecting the collect% mg-cham'ber of said heater with the one end of the coil of said condenser, a series ofdraining-t'ubes connecting the, distributing-chamber and the collecting chamber of said heater. with said tube lea'ding to the coil of said condenser, means for conductin a cooling fluid to said condense and for e'ading oil the warmed fluid, an .,a tube connecting the other end of the coil of said condenserwith the place for furthertreating the condensed pure liquid.

4; In a distilling apparatus, the combination'witha'still, condenser, and main steam-' conducting pipe and of a 'heater. having two chambers therein, a conduit'leading from the supply tube, a heater comprising collectingsteam-pipe to the first-named chamber of g i said heater,'substantially as described.

5. The combination in a distilling apparatus with a still, condenser, and source 0 supply, of a heater including two compartments,

one of said compartments, comprising a collecting-chamber, a distributingchamber, and tubes providing open communication in between the two, and the second compartment being formed between said collecting and distributing chambers and about said tubes, a

conduit leading from the still to the condenser in open communication with the first compartment, a conduit leading from the source-of sup 1y to the still in communication with said second compartment, and an auxiliary/ externallyarranged conduit connecting the collecting-chambers of the firstmentioned compartment of the heater and in communication with the conduit leading as described. In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specificationin the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AUGUST HEINRICH LUDWIG Witnesses:

HANS 'HEDEnI'oH,

- OTTO ConoINEL.

GERHARDT.

from the still to the condenser, substantially 

